We’ve been hearing a lot lately that experience is very important when running for president. The more I think about it, however, the more I find this argument to incongruent with reality. The fact is, the only real training you can have to be president is to actually be president. By that standard, there are exactly two people in the whole of the world who are qualified to be president and constitutionally eligible to be president: Jimmy Carter and George HW Bush.
The truth is, there is no other job like it in the world, especially in modern times. Nothing comes close. You can either be a good president or you can’t. Any sort of “training” or “prep-work” is ultimately useless. Don’t believe me? Let’s look at the record in the modern era (which we’ll call 1932 onward).
The American presidents in that time were: FDR, Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, GHW Bush, Clinton, and GW Bush.
We have 12 presidents, 5 who served as governors, one general, four who served as Senators before becoming president or vice-president, five former vice-presidents (some heavy cross-over with the last group), and five who served in the House of Representatives (also some cross over).
What do we find when we look at these 12 men? First, I think it’s worth pointing out that half came to Washington without any real inside-the-beltway experience (FDR was an Assistant Navy Secretary in the Wilson Administration, Eisenhower was a military leader, Carter, Reagan, and Clinton were governors who never held any office in Washington other than president). The other half for varying lengths of time, in Congress (Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon serving in both houses; Truman only in the Senate, and GHW Bush in the House before taking several prominent foreign policy roles including Ambassador to the UN and head of the CIA).
So, let’s break these men into categories. First, let’s look at those who had previously served as Vice-President: Truman, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and GHW Bush. What can we say about this category of presidents? Truman, Johnson, and Bush look better with time, but left office with less than stellar marks. Nixon is a case study in things that can go wrong with a politician. And Ford served admirably, helping the nation heal in the midst of a legitimate constitutional crisis. Yet none of these men will, for a variety of reasons, be seen as great presidents during my life time.
As for those who served in Congress, we again have the five mention in the preceding paragraph and Kennedy. Kennedy is a case study in iconography (if I may use a word for its unintended meaning). To this day, he represents all that could have been, he represents potential cut short. But when looking at his relatively short time as president, we see that he was able to do quite a bit. Not unimpressive. Probably the most impressive of those who served in Congress.
Eisenhower gets his own category because he’s the only one who did not hold elective office before becoming president. And really, his presidency is quite inspiring, given the times and the challenges facing the nation. The Interstate Highway system fueled economic growth; progress on civil rights; and the Eisenhower Doctrine of opposing communism in the Mid East.
And then there were those who were Governors. It is safe to say that FDR was the game changer when it came to the presidency. Part a product of conditions. Part a product of ideology. And part a product of the changes that were happening within our society (particularly the Industrial Revolution). FDR reshaped government in a way that no one else has and no one else could. Reagan, on the other hand, was the antidote for the overreach of government. As Eisenhower accepted FDR’s changes, Clinton accepted Reagan’s. Carter and GW Bush, I think it’s safe to say were disasters in office. Carter with his Stagflation, Bush with, well, everything set their parties back a generation and the ideological movements supporting them in shambles. It should also be pointed out that Reagan and FDR were governors of the largest States in the Union while the others were governors of much smaller States that did not have half the duties and issues faced by the large State governors.
So, let’s try and rank these guys, see who they stack up. I’d put them in this order: FDR; Reagan; Eisenhower; Kennedy; Truman; Clinton; Ford; Johnson; GHW Bush; Carter; GW Bush; and, Nixon. Nixon goes last because despite his ability to go to China and engage the Communists there, he sent the Republic to the edge of a constitutional crisis that it is still recovering from (case in point: every scandal is tagged: story”-gate” after Watergate).
The pattern, as I see it, is that executive experience is most helpful, but it is not the be all end all. The bottom half of the list is littered with those who were former governors and vice-presidents.
What it comes down to, ultimately, isn’t “experience”, because as I’ve pointed out, there is no true “experience” that can translate well to the Oval Office; but it comes down to the ability to formulate policy and articulate it in a way that will garner a consensus. Look at the bottom half of that list again, Ford, Johnson, Carter, Nixon, and both Bushs. None were great orators, the one liners were remember from them are almost punch lines (ok, you can add Clinton to the crowd of punch line guys). Truman was not particularly great at this, at least from my understanding. But FDR, Reagan, Eisenhower, and Kennedy were. That’s what gave them a much better shot of being among the greats of era.
So, what we’ve learned is that being Vice-President doesn’t make you automatically suited to be president, in fact, it probably means you won’t be a good president. We’ve also learned that the less time you spend in Congress, the better. Finally, it turns out that being governor of a big State with real authority is most helpful (Texas, while a big state, has in many ways, a small state government – the legislature meets every other year, the governor doesn’t do much, etc).
How does this translate to Election ‘08? That’s a good question. And one for another post at a later date. Right now, it’s just something to think about.